Sustainable Development ISSN Print: 3104-4174 ISSN Online: 3104-4182 CD ISSN: 3104-4190
Research on Board‑level Hierarchical Fault Detection and Standardized Component Maintenance Technology for Vehicle‑mounted On‑Board Charger
Aiming at the industry pain points of lack of standardized processes for on‑board charger (OBC) fault maintenance and high maintenance costs caused by excessive assembly‑level replacement, this paper proposes a five‑level board‑level hierarchical maintenance process system: non‑destructive disassembly, visual preliminary diagnosis, precise instrument‑aided detection, component‑level repair, and pre‑assembly static re‑inspection. This paper systematically elaborates on anti‑static tooling configuration, board‑level functional partitioning and hierarchical fault‑location methods, and analyzes high‑frequency error‑prone risks in maintenance and corresponding avoidance countermeasures. Verified by complete maintenance cases of typical faulty samples, the proposed maintenance process can realize accurate repair of faulty components such as power devices and electrolytic capacitors, effectively eliminate the risk of component burnout caused by secondary power‑on, and significantly improve the reliability and cost‑effectiveness of OBC board‑level maintenance. The proposed process has direct application value for on‑board power supply maintenance practice and new‑energy‑vehicle maintenance teaching and training.
Copyright (c) 2026 by author(s) and Erytis Publishing Limited https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
How the Digital Economy Promotes High-Quality Agricultural Development by Improving Agricultural Efficiency
This study examines whether and how the digital economy promotes high-quality agricultural development in China. Using provincial panel data for 30 provinces from 2005 to 2020, it constructs a multidimensional index covering development scale, efficiency, benefits and cost, and estimates fixed-effects, geographically weighted regression and spatial Durbin models. The results indicate that the digital economy is positively associated with high-quality agricultural development. The estimated effect is stronger in provinces with more advanced digital infrastructure and human capital, and the spatial analysis suggests positive spillovers across neighboring regions. Mechanism tests show that digitalization primarily improves development scale and benefits and also raises agricultural efficiency, while the coefficient for development cost is not statistically significant. The paper therefore recommends strengthening rural digital infrastructure, integrating agricultural supply chains, developing farmers' digital capabilities, improving technology and finance policies, and tailoring support to regional conditions. These measures can reduce information and transaction costs and support a more productive, inclusive and environmentally sustainable agricultural transformation.
Application Research of PNN Algorithm in Coalfield Lithology Identification
This paper introduces the principle of the Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) method and its algorithm training and learning process, and elaborates on the selection of lithology parameters for network identification and the establishment process of the lithology identification model. The study shows that the PNN method achieves good performance in practical application with short training and recognition time. Using artificial neural network to automatically interpret and analyze logging data can meet the timeliness of logging while drilling (LWD) and the geosteering requirements of rapid interpretation and processing.
Gas–Liquid–Solid Multiphase Flow and Phase-Transition Mechanisms of Cryogenic CH4–CO2 Systems in Pipelines
CH4–CO2 mixtures are widely encountered in LNG liquefaction, CCUS transportation, cryogenic biogas upgrading, cryogenic carbon capture, and the reinjection of CO2-rich associated gas. Low temperatures or rapid depressurization can bring the system close to the solid-CO2 formation boundary, thereby triggering dry-ice crystallization and desublimation, particle agglomeration, and pipeline blockage. Based on the original review, this paper condenses the literature discussion while retaining five central themes: thermodynamic phase equilibrium, solid-phase nucleation, in-pipe multiphase flow, coupled heat and mass transfer, and numerical modeling. The results show that phase boundaries shift significantly with pressure, composition, and impurities; heterogeneous nucleation is more likely to dominate wall-frost formation; deposition and re-entrainment of dry-ice particles govern pressure-drop and heat-transfer risks; and engineering models require a coordinated choice between EOS thermophysical-property accuracy and CFD capability for resolving phase interfaces.
From Sensing to Autonomous Control: Artificial Intelligence in Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks
Oil and gas pipeline operators must simultaneously improve efficiency, strengthen safety, and reduce emissions. Artificial intelligence offers a practical route from fragmented monitoring toward coordinated, closed-loop control. This review condenses the operational bottlenecks, enabling algorithms, and deployment architecture of AI-enabled pipeline networks. It organizes intelligent control around four functions—perception, prediction and warning, decision optimization, and automated control—and maps multi-source data to suitable algorithms and cloud-edge execution. Priority applications include leak detection, robotic inspection, integrity assessment, demand forecasting, pressure and throughput optimization, compressor coordination, transient protection, and intelligent safety management of storage facilities. Five development directions are identified: deeper integration with digital twins, edge computing and the Internet of Things; systematic industry foundation models; low-carbon optimization; greater value from governed and securely shared data; and coordinated talent and innovation ecosystems. The central implementation principle is progressive autonomy: validated AI recommendations should first augment dispatchers, then move toward constrained closed-loop control as data quality, interpretability, cybersecurity, and fail-safe mechanisms mature.
Excavation-Impact Failure Thresholds for the Shaanxi-Beijing Line 4 Gas Pipeline: A Finite-Element Study
The Shaanxi-Beijing Line 4 gas pipeline is a strategic supply route serving Beijing and surrounding areas. Much of the 1,098 km alignment crosses rural land, where excavation, agricultural work, and vehicle traffic repeatedly trigger the distributed warning system. This condensed study screens these third-party activities and focuses on the most credible immediate threat: direct contact between an excavator tooth and a pressurized buried pipe. A three-dimensional finite-element model representing the tooth-pipe-soil interaction was developed in ABAQUS for an X80 steel pipe with a 1,220 mm outside diameter, a minimum wall thickness of 18.4 mm, and an operating pressure of 12 MPa. Model validation against the analytical pressure stress produced a 1.4% difference. The simulation identified load thresholds of approximately 450 kN for the onset of plastic deformation, 698 kN for localized necking, and 1,446 kN for puncture. These thresholds support graded alarm response and field intervention, while their use should remain limited to the modeled geometry, material data, and boundary conditions.
Research on Rainwater Utilization Strategies in Landscape Design of University Campus Green Spaces: A Case Study of the West Campus of Yangtze University
This paper takes the green space in front of the library behind the No. 1 teaching building of the West Campus of Yangtze University as the research object, effectively analyzes the current situation of the green space, discusses and analyzes its existing problems, and formulates solutions. Transforming it into a rain garden gives the green space new life and function, beautifies the campus environment, and deepens the concept of sustainable development.
Cross-Industry AI Applications in Digital Transformation: Tourism and Healthcare Integration
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a central driver of digital transformation across multiple industries, reshaping governance structures, service systems, and institutional decision-making processes. This study examines how AI applications in tourism and healthcare reflect a shared cross-industry transformation logic rather than isolated sector-specific innovations. By situating AI within the broader framework of digital transformation, the analysis highlights how datafication, automation, platformization, intelligence, and integration collectively redefine organizational practices and policy coordination mechanisms. Tourism is identified as an early innovator in smart platforms, experience analytics, and data-driven governance, while healthcare represents a high-stakes application context where similar transformation models are adapted for system planning, resource coordination, and institutional oversight. Despite differences in service content and regulatory environments, both sectors rely on comparable digital infrastructures, AI application models, and governance frameworks to modernize decision-making and improve operational efficiency. The study demonstrates that AI functions as a transformation engine that enables predictive governance, smart services, intelligent coordination, and data-driven policy integration. These outcomes contribute to governance modernization, service innovation, institutional alignment, and efficiency gains across industries. Public trust and institutional legitimacy are strengthened through transparent digital governance, cross-sector regulation, and accountable data stewardship. By adopting a cross-industry perspective, this research positions healthcare AI as part of a broader digital transformation process rather than a standalone medical innovation. Tourism serves as the methodological origin of many smart system practices, while healthcare illustrates their institutional application. The findings confirm that digital transformation logic is systemic, transferable, and fundamentally reshapes how modern organizations govern, coordinate, and innovate through AI-enabled infrastructures.
Research Progress and Hotspot Analysis of Ecosystem Service Value in China Based on CiteSpace
This study employs CiteSpace software to analyze 892 domestic articles related to ecosystem service value indexed in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) from 2021 to 2025. By examining publication trends, keyword co-occurrence and clustering, keyword burst detection, and keyword timeline mapping, this paper identifies research hotspots and evolutionary trends in the field of ecosystem service value in China. The results show that: 1) The number of publications on ecosystem service value in China has remained stable over the past five years, with an average annual output of 178 articles. 2) Collaboration among domestic institutions and authors exhibits a pattern of "small clusters, large dispersion." 3) "Land use" and "spatiotemporal evolution" are keywords that persist throughout the entire research period, while terms such as "driving factors" and "trade-off synergy" represent emerging frontiers and hotspots in the field.
Analysis of the Low-Carbon Transition of Energy Consumption Structure in the Sichuan-Chongqing Region
Against the background of the "dual-carbon" goals, the low-carbon transition of the energy consumption structure is the core path for regional carbon emission reduction. Based on the total energy consumption data of the Sichuan-Chongqing region from 2014 to 2023, this paper combines Sichuan and Chongqing as a whole, and uses the structural analysis method to quantitatively examine the evolutionary characteristics and low-carbon trends of the regional energy consumption structure. The study finds that from 2014 to 2023, the total energy consumption of the Sichuan-Chongqing region increased from 235.774 million tons of standard coal to 256.825 million tons of standard coal, with a ten-year growth rate of 8.9%, showing a moderate growth rate. The energy consumption structure presents significant characteristics of "reducing coal, increasing gas, and expanding electricity": the proportion of coal consumption decreased from 53.0% to 39.5%, a drop of 13.5 percentage points, and the absolute consumption decreased by 23.284 million tons of standard coal, a decrease of 18.7%; the proportion of natural gas consumption increased from 13.3% to 22.7%, an increase of 9.4 percentage points, and the consumption volume increased by 86.1%; the proportion of clean electricity and other energy sources increased from 13.3% to 18.6%, an increase of 5.3 percentage points, and the consumption volume increased by 52.1%; the proportion of oil consumption remained basically stable between 20% and 21.5%, without an obvious downward trend. The research shows that the Sichuan-Chongqing region has achieved remarkable results in the low-carbon transition of its energy structure, laying a solid foundation for the green and low-carbon development of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle. However, there are still problems such as a high base of coal consumption and unresolved dependence on oil in the transportation sector. In the future, it is necessary to continue to reduce coal consumption, expand the utilization of natural gas, accelerate the development of clean electricity, promote the electrification transition in the transportation sector, strengthen energy coordination between Sichuan and Chongqing, and build a regional integrated low-carbon energy system.
Research on the Impact of Green Patenting Activities on Urban Energy Efficiency
Under the dual constraints of the “dual carbon” goals and energy security, local governments have taken the improvement of urban energy efficiency as an important tool to promote China’s green and low-carbon transition. This paper uses 270 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2014 to 2023 as the research sample. It constructs a comprehensive index of urban energy efficiency, and mainly examines the actual impact of green patenting activities on urban energy efficiency. It also further tests the mediating role of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure between the two. The results show that green patenting activities can significantly improve urban energy efficiency. Energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure plays a partial mediating role in this relationship. These effects are more evident in cities located in eastern China and on the southeast side of the Hu Huanyong Line. Based on these findings, this paper argues that green patenting activities can serve as an important endogenous force for improving urban energy efficiency. Fiscal expenditure can also act as a key policy lever. It can help transform different types of innovation outcomes into actual energy-saving performance. These empirical findings provide useful references for local governments to improve innovation incentives and allocate green fiscal resources more effectively.
energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure
Geopolitical Risk, Multi-Channel Resilience, and the Economic Stabilization Effect of the China-Europe Railway Express: Breaking the "Efficiency-Safety-Cost" Trilemma
Against the backdrop of escalating global geopolitical risks, sudden events such as the Red Sea crisis have exposed the systemic vulnerability of traditional maritime supply chains. As a major land-based logistics corridor connecting Asia and Europe, the China-Europe Railway Express offers a new economic pathway to enhance supply chain resilience through its multi-channel collaborative operation mechanism. From an economic perspective, this research builds on complex network theory and supply chain resilience theory to construct a "multi-channel resilience triangle" model covering four corridors: East, Central, West, and South. It systematically analyzes how the China-Europe Railway Express breaks the traditional "efficiency-safety-cost" impossible triangle of land-based transport through three dimensions: spatial redundancy, time controllability, and commodity value resilience. The analysis shows that under geopolitical shocks, the China-Europe Railway Express achieves a transit time 7–10 days faster than sea freight, a freight rate 30% lower than shipping around the Cape of Good Hope, and effectively avoids high-risk geopolitical areas via the southern Trans-Caspian corridor, with freight volume growing 24% against the trend. The research further evaluates the economic impact on corporate supply chain decisions: companies such as Tesla and Volvo have significantly reduced costs and risks after shifting to the railway express. The analytical framework proposed provides a Chinese solution for international supply chain governance in turbulent environments and offers clear implications for policy making and corporate investment strategies.
Spatiotemporal Behavior and Hotspot Analysis of Tourists in Yuntai Mountain Scenic Area Based on Multi-source Data
Selecting Yuntai Mountain Scenic Area as the case study, this research integrates multi-source heterogeneous data, including social media texts and tourist GNSS trajectories. By comprehensively applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Direction-Constrained DBSCAN (DC-DBSCAN), it analyzes the characteristics of tourists' online attention and physical spatiotemporal behaviors, constructing a virtual-real coupling response mechanism for the scenic area. The results show: (1) The online attention of Yuntai Mountain Scenic Area exhibits an alternating "stable-pulse" fluctuation pattern, significantly influenced by statutory holidays, with tourists' focus concentrated on core attractions and considerable negative emotional feedback regarding physical exertion. (2) The physical flow of tourists demonstrates a temporal rhythm of "early entry, late exit, and single-peak aggregation." Spatially, a core skeleton road network primarily consisting of Fenghuang Ridge and Hongshi Gorge is formed. The duration of stay presents a bimodal clustering characteristic of short-term check-ins and in-depth experiences. (3) There is a significant spatiotemporal divergence between online attention and offline physical flow. Temporally, the rise in online heat precedes the peak of physical tourist flow by 1-2 weeks; spatially, Hongshi Gorge shows a virtual-real balance, Zhuyu Peak exhibits online overheating, while experiential attractions like Fenghuang Ridge and Xiaozhai Valley present significant offline overheating.
Copyright (c) 2026 by author(s) and Erytis Publishing Limited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community Structure of Benthic Macroinvertebrates and its Relationship with Environmental Factors in Wetlands of Jinan City: A Multi-Type Comparative Analysis
Wetlands are biodiversity hotspots that provide essential ecosystem services, yet they are increasingly degraded by anthropogenic pressures. Benthic macroinvertebrates are reliable bioindicators of wetland health, but systematic cross-comparisons of their communities across different wetland types within a specific region remain limited. This study conducted a three-year survey (2020–2022) across 90 sampling sites within 5 national and 10 provincial wetlands in Jinan City, comprehensively assessing water environmental factors and macroinvertebrate assemblages. Using multivariate statistical methods, we identified key environmental drivers and evaluated integrated ecosystem health. Results revealed pronounced spatial heterogeneity in water quality, with suspended solids (SS) emerging as the most pervasive stressor (present in 100% of wetlands’ PCA profiles). A total of 116 macroinvertebrate species were recorded, predominantly Mollusca and Insecta. National-level wetlands harbored significantly higher species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity (mean 20.2 species, H′=2.01) than provincial counterparts (14.7 species, H′=1.28). Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) demonstrated that SS, total phosphorus (TP), and transparency (SD) were the principal determinants of community structure, although a clear dichotomy was observed: lake-type wetlands were primarily governed by TP and SD, whereas riverine wetlands were driven by SS and total nitrogen (TN). A comprehensive health index (DB 3701/T 33-2022) classified only Shandong Jixi National Wetland Park as "healthy" (score 81.28), while nine wetlands were "sub-healthy" and five, predominantly in the Jiyang region, were "unhealthy." This first systematic, multi-type comparison underscores the primacy of particle pollution as a regional ecological filter and delivers a robust scientific basis for differentiated conservation and targeted restoration strategies for Jinan’s wetlands.
Research on the Protection Strategy of Traditional Villages in Western Sichuan from the Perspective of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation: A Case Study of Kuapo Village, Wenchuan County
There are numerous traditional villages distributed in the western part of Sichuan Province, China. Traditional villages in western Sichuan, as important carriers of regional culture, have developed unique architectural wisdom through long-term adaptation to nature. However, in recent years, frequent natural disasters have posed serious threats to the protection of these traditional villages. Most existing studies on traditional villages in western Sichuan focus on villages that were collapsed and rebuilt after the "Wenchuan Earthquake," and few start from the perspective of disaster prevention and mitigation. This paper takes the "authentic" Qiang village of Kuapo in Wenchuan County as the research object. Based on the perspective of disaster prevention and mitigation, through field investigations, typical architectural mapping, and disaster risk factor analysis, it discovers that traditional villages possess inherent disaster prevention and mitigation experience in aspects such as site selection, layout, material structure, and spatial form.
Aesthetic Research on the Proportion of the Structure of the Ujimqin Mongolian Robe
The Ujimqin Mongols, an ancient Mongolian tribe, are renowned for their ornate attire. Their tribal garments feature a distinctive "cross-shaped" structure with expansive designs, contrasting with other tribes 'robes that emphasize wide collars, long sleeves, and broad chest sections. This loose, voluminous style has cultivated a unique fashion system. The golden ratio, a classic proportion, aligns with human aesthetic preferences, creating a sense of comfort and harmony. From its inception, the Mongolian robe's structure has prioritized comfort, inherently embodying proportional harmony. This study conducts an in-depth analysis of the Ujimqin Mongolian robe's compositional features, structural reconstruction mapping, drafting methods for structural diagrams, and the aesthetics of structural proportions. It explores the structural proportions of traditional Mongolian robes, reveals the proportional aesthetics underlying their design, and provides theoretical and practical references for modern clothing design.
Research Progress and Current Status of High-Speed Precision Maize Seed Metering Devices
With the advancement of precision agriculture technology, achieving high-accuracy seed metering under high-speed operating conditions has become a core challenge in enhancing maize production efficiency. This paper systematically reviews the research progress and current status of high-speed precision maize seed metering devices, focusing primarily on key technical directions such as mechanical and pneumatic types. It delves into critical issues like effectively improving seed filling performance, optimizing seed cleaning effects, and ensuring seeding accuracy under high-speed conditions. By analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of key technologies in various maize seed meters, this review summarizes their development status and trends, aiming to provide a reference for the further research, development, and application of high-speed precision maize seed metering devices.
Copyright (c) 2025 by author(s) and Erytis Publishing Limited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Technology for Mechanical Equipment: Current Status and Development
With the continuous advancement of technology, mechanization is also progressing, and automated and intelligent technologies are being increasingly developed. Machinery and equipment are exerting a growing influence in modern industrial technology. However, due to their complexity, malfunctions during operation can disrupt the entire operational system. Such disruptions can lead to significant economic losses and potentially cause injuries or fatalities in mechanical engineering or construction projects. Therefore, intelligent fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment is crucial. It not only ensures the normal operation of machinery but also enhances efficiency throughout the system, thereby fostering the development of industrial production.
Resilience Assessment of Gas Pipeline Network System Based on Complex Network Theory
To enhance the response and recovery capabilities of gas pipeline networks in the face of sudden disturbances, complex network theory is introduced to explore the performance changes of gas pipeline networks under disturbances. A network performance function that comprehensively considers the structural and functional dimensions of gas pipeline networks is proposed. Combined with the resilience stage, a performance response function method is adopted to establish an evaluation method for quantifying system resilience. This evaluation process covers the entire process from the system's resistance and adaptation to disturbances to the restoration of specific functions. An example of a certain gas pipeline network system is used for practical application.
The historical accumulation and contemporary value of modern Zhoushan marine transportation
As a maritime trade hub and Buddhist pilgrimage site in East Asia, the Zhoushan Archipelago holds profound historical significance and contemporary relevance in its transportation development. Natural disasters and social factors have shaped Zhoushan’s unique transportation network, particularly fostering two major spiritual centers: Daishan, centered on the worship of the Dragon King, and Mount Putuo, dedicated to the worship of Guanyin (the Goddess of Mercy). In modern times, key transportation routes include the Shanghai-Ningbo-Mount Putuo route, Hangzhou-Ningbo-Zhoushan route, and the southern-to-northern maritime route. In the new era, Zhoushan should emphasize the contemporary value of transportation heritage by integrating modern development needs. This involves promoting dynamic inheritance of transportation cultural heritage, regional transportation integration, livelihood connectivity, and reconstruction of community consciousness. By actively advancing strategy for promoting integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta and the national maritime power strategy, Zhoushan can rejuvenate itself with fresh vitality, pursue deep-sea dreams, and write glorious chapters in the new chapter of blue seas and maritime endeavors.
Zhoushan, history of transportation development
Economic Growth and Transnational Pollution Transfer: Verification of the Trading Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis
With the economic globalization and the development of various countries, transnational pollution transfer has become a common phenomenon and is increasingly being monitored by the international community. This paper uses the fixed-effects regression model and the balanced panel data of 50 countries from 1990 to 2016, innovatively proposes the Trading Environmental Kuznets Curve (TEKC) and empirically tests it from the perspective of the difference between ecological footprint’s import and export, and explains the internal mechanism of the TEKC. The results demonstrate a U-shaped relationship between per capita GDP and the outward pollution transfer amount in pollution transferring countries. The scale effect prevents outward pollution transfer, whereas the structural and technological effects promote it. In pollution-transferred countries, the relationship between per capita GDP and inward pollution transfer amount was inverted U-shaped. The scale effect encourages inward pollution transfer, whereas the structural and technological effects inhibit it. The results of this study confirm that "pollution havens" are universal worldwide and reflect the nonlinear change of pollution transfer amounts under the influence of economic development. The conclusion of this paper is an extensibility verification of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in the field of transnational pollution transfer.