Analysis on Crack Disease Characteristics and Environmental Causes of Timber Components of Guild Hall-type Historic Opera Stages in Chengdu Area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63313/FE.9023Keywords:
Chengdu, Guild Hall-Type Historic Opera Stage, Timber Component Crack, Disease Characteristic, Environmental CauseAbstract
The "Huguang Filling Sichuan" immigration movement from the late Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty gave birth to a large number of guild hall buildings in Chengdu. As dual carriers of immigrant culture and traditional timber construction techniques, the attached historic opera stages are of important historical and architectural value. Under the combined effect of subtropical humid monsoon climate and semi-open courtyard space, timber components of this type of opera stage generally suffer from crack diseases, and the disease manifestations are highly correlated with micro-environmental characteristics. Taking typical guild hall opera stages such as Jiangxi Guild Hall, Guangdong Guild Hall and Huguang Guild Hall in Luodai Ancient Town as research samples, this paper summarizes the main types and spatial distribution laws of cracks in timber components of guild hall-type historic opera stages based on on-site disease investigation and spatial environment analysis, and analyzes the environmental causes of crack formation from the perspectives of timber moisture content fluctuation, roof leakage, ground moisture regain, ventilation difference and biological diseases. The research shows that the crack diseases of guild hall-type opera stages in Chengdu have significant position differences: the beams and girders at the stage opening are dominated by surface grain-parallel cracks caused by alternating dry and wet conditions; column bases mostly have cracks accompanied by moisture-induced decay; end cracks are prone to occur at beam-end joints under the superimposed effect of shrinkage and stress; and the backstage side corridors mostly have hidden humid diseases. On this basis, this paper proposes a preventive protection idea centered on environmental improvement, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of timber component diseases of similar guild hall buildings in Chengdu.
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